H2S

H2S



H2S means that each molecule of the gas is made up of two Hydrogen Atoms and one sulfur atom. Hydrogen Sulfide Gas is referred to in industry by a variety of names:
1. H2S
2. Stink Damp
3. Sulfurated Hydrogen
4. Sour Crude
5. Rotten Egg Gas
6. Hydrosulfuric Acid
7. Sulfur Hydride


B) WHERE DO YOU FIND H2S
H2S occurs in a variety of natural and industrial settings. Hydrogen Sulfide is found in large amounts in natural gas and petroleum. Workers involved in the drilling of gas and petroleum from sour gas areas as well as some unknown (wildcat) areas, in storing, transporting or processing (refineries) are at risk from exposure to H2S and it is accelerated by heat or hot weather.


Concentration % PPM Effects
0.001 10 Can smell; safe 8 hours.
0.01 100 Kills smell in 3 to 15 min; may burn eyes and throat.
0.02 200 Kills smell quickly; stings eyes and throat.
0.05 500 Loss of balance; respiratory difficulties in 30 to 45 min.
0.07 7000 Unconscious in less than 15 min; death will occur if not rescued promptly; immediate artificial resuscitation required.
0.1 1.000 Permanent brain damage if not rescued immediately.


TOXICITY OF VARIOUS GASES

Common Name Chemical Formula Specific GravityAir = 1.0 Threshold1 Limit Hazardous2 Limit Lethal3 Concentration
Hydrogen Cyanide HCN 0.94 10 ppm 150 ppm/1 hour 300 ppm
Hydrogen Sulfide H2S 1.18 20 ppm 250 ppm/1 hour 600 ppm
Sulfur Dioxide SO2 2.21 5 ppm 1000 ppm
Chlorine Cl2 2.45 1 mpp 4 ppm/1 hour 1000 ppm
Carbon Monoxide CO 0.97 50 ppm 400 ppm/1 hour 1000 ppm
Carbon Dioxide CO2 1.52 5000 ppm 5% 10%
Methane CH4 0.55 90000 ppm Combustible Above 5% in air

1Threshold -Concentration at which it is believed that all workers may repeatedly be exposed. Day after day without adverse effect.
2Hazardous -Concentration that may cause death
3lethal -Concentration that will cause death with short-term exposure.

Planning considerations should include:
a) Open communication lines with the public and related regulatory agencies:
b) Contingency Plan:
c) Diagnosis of the worksite:
d) Adequate and proper placement of safety equipment:
e) Personnel training program:
f) Personnel drills:
g) Responsible supervision:
h) Knowledge of working conditions:
i) Emergency procedures:
j) Adherence all safe work practices:
k) Etc:
Additional Safety Measures:
a) When approaching the job site it is necessary to take the following precautions to insure safe entry:

(FLAMMABLE GAS, EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS, POISONOUS)

Fire: - Highly flammable.- Flammable vapors may spread from spill.
Exploration: - Container may explode due to heat of fire.- Gas explosion and poison hazard indoors or in sewers.
Health: - Vapors nonirritating, deaden sense of smell.- Vapors may be fatal if inhaled.- Runoff may pollute water supply.
Immediate Action
- Get helper and notify local authorities.- If possible, wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing.- Eliminate all open flames. No smoking. No flares. Keep internal combustion engines at least 30 yards away from spill- Keep upwind. Estimate Immediate Danger Area. - Evacuate according to Evacuation table.
Immediate Follow-Up Action
Fire: - Let burn unless leak can be stopped immediately.- Small fire: Dry chemical or CO2.- Large Fire: Water Spray or fog.- Move containers from fire area if without risk.- Cool containers with water from maximum distance until well after fire is out.- Stay away from ends of tanks.- Fight fire from maximum distance.
Spill or Leak: - Do not touch spilled liquid.- Stop leak if without risk.- Use water spray to reduce vapors.- Isolate area until gas has dispersed.
First Aid : - Remove victim to fresh air. Call for emergency medical care. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed.- If victim is not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.- If victim contacted material, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes.- Remove contaminated clothes.- Keep victim warm and quiet.
Potential Hazards
Fire: - Highly flammable.- Flammable vapors may spread from spill.
Exploration: - Container may explode due to heat of fire.- Gas explosion and poison hazard indoors or in sewers.
Health: - Vapors nonirritating, deaden sense of smell.- Vapors may be fatal if inhaled.- Runoff may pollute water supply.
Immediate Action
- Get helper and notify local authorities.- If possible, wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing.- Eliminate all open flames. No smoking. No flares. Keep internal combustion engines at least 30 yards away from spill- Keep upwind. Estimate Immediate Danger Area. - Evacuate according to Evacuation table.
Immediate Follow-Up Action
Fire: - Let burn unless leak can be stopped immediately.- Small fire: Dry chemical or CO2.- Large Fire: Water Spray or fog.- Move containers from fire area if without risk.- Cool containers with water from maximum distance until well after fire is out.- Stay away from ends of tanks.- Fight fire from maximum distance.
Spill or Leak: - Do not touch spilled liquid.- Stop leak if without risk.- Use water spray to reduce vapors.- Isolate area until gas has dispersed.
First Aid : - Remove victim to fresh air. Call for emergency medical care. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed.- If victim is not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.- If victim contacted material, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes.- Remove contaminated clothes.- Keep victim warm and quiet.


FOR ASSISTANCE CALL CHEMTREC TOLL FREE (800) 424-9300
In the District of Columbia, the Virgin Islands. Guam. Samoa. Puerto Rico and Alaska, call (020) 483-7616.



Water pollution control
- Prevent runoff from fire control or dilution water from streams or drinking water supply. Dike for later disposal. Notify Coast Guard or Environmental Protection Agency of the situation through Chemtrec of your local authorities.

Evacuation Table- Based On Prevailing Wind Of 6-12 mph.
Approximate size of spill Distance to evacuate from immediate danger area For maximum safety, downwind
200 square feet Yards (96 paces) 2,112 feet long, 1,065 feet wide
400 square feet 110 yards (132 paces) 4,224 feet long, 1,584 feet wide
600 square feet 140 yards (168 paces) 3,696 feet long, 2,112 feet wide
800 square feet 160 yards (192 paces) 1 mile long. 1/2 mile wide

In the event of an explosion the minimum safe distance from flying fragments is 2.000 feet in all directions.
Taken from U.S Department of Transportation 1978 Emergency Action Guide for Selected Hazardous materials
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Dear Talal you are astonish me in your idea
I hope write it in arabic language for more sher
. many thanks